Impact Of Different Dental Implant Surfaces On Osteoimmunological Biomarkers And Microbiological Parameters A Randomized Clinical Trial

BackgroundAlthough dental implant are a successful treatment model, the effectiveness of this treatment depends on successful osseointegration during healing. Dental implant surface modifications developed for successfull osseointegration in recent years. Such as SLA (Sand-blasted, Largegrit, Acid-etched), fluorine modified surfaces and anodized implant surfaces.Aim/Hypothesis The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of peri-implant disease markers such as TNF-u03b1, PGE2, RANKL, RANK, OPG and microbiological factors such as P. gingivalis, T. denticola, T. forsythia, F. nucleatum, P. intermedia, S. oralis on SLA, fluorine modified and anodized implant surfaces.Material and methodsThis study was that include partial dental deficiencies, who were treated with fixed implant-supported restorations and were recalled for at least 1 year. The patients were divided into 3 groups according to the surface characteristics of implants. Group 1: Surfaces roughened with SLA (sandblasted and large grit acid etched) titanium surface (Straumannu00ae, Basel, Switzerland) Grup 2: Surfaces roughened implants modified with fluorine (Astra Tech, OsseoSpeed u2122, Sweden) Group 3: Surfaces roughened with anodisation (TiUnite Nobel Biocare, Replaceu00ae Conical Connection, Sweden). The plaque index, gingival index, bleeding on probing, pocket depths, clinical attachment levels and keratinized gingival widths on the vestibule surface of the implants were measured. Peri-implant crevicular fluid specimens and subgingival plaque samples were collected.ResultsIt was observed that the plaque index had a significant difference between the groups (p = 0,01). The lowest value belonged to group1 while the highest value belonged to group 3. There was a significant relationship between the bleeding on probing and the groups (p = 0.001). Group 3 implants had more bleeding on probing. Peri-implant status also showed a significant difference between the groups (p = 0,015). When groups were compared peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis was found higher in Group 3. Gingival index, pocket depth, clinical attachment level, gingival keratinized tissue were found simillar between groups. TNF-u03b1, PGE2, RANKL, RANK, OPG and RANKL / OPG ratio was not found significantly different between the groups (p>0,05). Microbiological results were found significantly different between the groups. Ratio of F. nucleatum, T. forsythia, T. denticola and P. intermedia were the highest in Group 3, while P. gingivalis and S. oralis were higher in Group 2.Conclusions and Clinical Implications The findings of this study that when compared the groups, peri-implantitis rate, bleeding on probing and plaque index rate were found higher in group 3 (anodized surface) implants. DNA quantities of F. nucleatum, T. forsythia, T. denticola, and P. intermedia were significantly higher in Group 3 implants. This can be attributed to the porosity of the anodized surface.