The role of microRNAs in controlling protein expression noise

The role of microRNAs in controlling protein expression noise
Author: Jörn Schmiedel
Publisher: Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH
Total Pages: 123
Release: 2016-03-31
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3832542167

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The expression of genes is based on stochastic processes, which lead to temporal fluctuations in the number of proteins of each gene. If such fluctuations become too large they can be detrimental to the fitness of an organisms, because most cellular processes are based on the precise interaction of proteins. This PhD thesis explores the role of post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms in the control of stochasticity in gene expression, with a focus on microRNAs, common regulators in multicellular organisms. Bioinformatic data analysis, mathematical modeling and single cell expression experiments are used to analyze the conditions under which microRNAs can lead to the reduction of fluctuations in gene expression. The central insight of this thesis is that microRNAs can indeed reduce fluctuations for most genes and that they are likely used by organisms for this purpose, thus ensuring precision to gene expression during development and the maintenance of the adult body. Der Expression von Genen liegen stochastische Prozesse zu Grunde, die zu Fluktuationen in der Menge von Proteinen eines jeden Gens führen. Zu starke Fluktuationen in Proteinmengen können für Organismen schädlich sein, da die meisten zellulären Prozesse auf der präzisen Wechselwirkung von Proteinen beruhen. Diese Dissertationsschrift befasst sich mit dem Einfluss von post-transkriptionellen Regulationsmechanismen auf die stochastischen Prozesse der Genexpression. Mittels bioinformatischer Datenanalyse, mathematischer Modellierung und gezielten Einzelzellexperimenten wird mit Fokus auf die in Mehrzellern weitverbreiteten microRNAs erforscht unter welchen Voraussetzungen Organismen post-transkriptionelle Regulation zu Verringerung von Fluktuationen benutzen können. Die zentrale Erkenntnis der vorliegenden Arbeit ist, dass microRNAs für die meisten Gene Fluktuationen verringern können und auch zu diesem Zweck genutzt werden.


The role of microRNAs in controlling protein expression noise
Language: en
Pages: 123
Authors: Jörn Schmiedel
Categories: Science
Type: BOOK - Published: 2016-03-31 - Publisher: Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH

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The expression of genes is based on stochastic processes, which lead to temporal fluctuations in the number of proteins of each gene. If such fluctuations becom
The Role of MicroRNAs in Controlling Protein Expression Noise
Language: en
Pages: 123
Authors: Jö Schmiedel
Categories:
Type: BOOK - Published: 2016 - Publisher:

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MicroRNAs in Cancer
Language: en
Pages: 426
Authors: Cesar Lopez-Camarillo
Categories: Medical
Type: BOOK - Published: 2013-02-22 - Publisher: CRC Press

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MicroRNA (miRNA) biology is a cutting-edge topic in basic as well as biomedical research. This is a specialized book focusing on the current understanding of th
Quantification of Micro Ribonucleic Acid Regulation and Its Consequences at the Single Cell Level
Language: en
Pages: 146
Authors:
Categories:
Type: BOOK - Published: 2015 - Publisher:

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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNAs which play important roles in post transcriptional gene regulation. miRNAs regulate more than half of ma
MicroRNA Regulatory Network: Structure and Function
Language: en
Pages: 231
Authors: Zengrong Liu
Categories: Science
Type: BOOK - Published: 2018-11-02 - Publisher: Springer

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This book discusses topics related to the topological structure and biological function of gene networks regulated by microRNAs. It focuses on analyzing the rel