A Piloted Simulator Investigation Of Ground Effect On The Landing Maneuver Of A Large Tailless Delta Wing Airplane

The influence of ground effect on the landing flare characteristics of a supersonic transport airplane (SST) was investigated in a fixed cockpit simulator. Simulations of an ogee-modified delta-wing F5D-1 airplane and a subsonic jet transport were used for evaluating the simulator and as a reference configurations during landing comparisons. Dynamic responses of the SST to seven different ground-effect models during controls-fixed and constant-attitude descents are also presented, followed by piloted subjective assessments. A summary of ground effects on delta-like wings is included in the appendixes.