Three Dimensional Portrayal Of Aircraft Instrument Approach Procedures

The report discusses the development of an improved manner of portraying instrument approach and landing (AL) procedures through the use of a modified three-dimensional (3-D) charting technique. Previous AL charting development efforts as well as the geometric projection and photographic techniques considered are described. Analysis of instrument procedures formed the basis for the concept of using pre-drawn symbols for chart compilation which is explained in detail. The Navy and Air Force approaches to 3-D development are compared and discussed with the aid of sample graphics. The report concludes that 3-D approach and landing charts have been operationally evaluated to be a significant improvement and can be produced at a cost saving. (Author).